Pathamudayam – A day dedicated to Nature

Today is Pathamudayam, the tenth day after Vishu, which is considered a very important day by Malayalees, as the sun is believed to be at its most powerful.

The sacred activities of Pathamudayam begin before sunrise — cattle are fed before daybreak in the light of a lamp, and snakes are offered milk in the sacred groves of ancestral homes. Prayers are offered at sacred groves where no rituals are conducted throughout the year.

On Vishu (April 14th), the equinox occurs, when the length of day and night are equal. Pathamudayam, which falls on the tenth day of the Malayalam month of Medam, is especially significant for farmers. It is considered an auspicious day to sow seeds and plant saplings. While ploughing and tilling usually begin on Vishu, the actual sowing and planting are traditionally done on Pathamudayam.

Pathamudayam Tradition

For those beginning a long-term venture, today is regarded as a highly auspicious day to start. Housewarming ceremonies are also traditionally conducted on this day.

In earlier times, there was a unique tradition of showing dried rice to the early morning sun. The rice would be placed on a muram (a traditional winnowing tray). Then the first rays of the sun to fall on it. This tradition is called vellimuram kanikal (showing the silver muram). Later, the rice would be pounded and used to prepare a dessert. The dish would be served as a divine offering to the household.

Vishu and Pathamudayam reflect the deeply ingrained connection of Keralites with biodiversity and their traditions, which help conserve nature and promote ecological balance. Baisakhi in Punjab and Bihu in Assam also fall on April 14, showing how spiritual life is closely intertwined with the traditional lifestyle of people in different states.

Coincidentally, this year Pathamudayam falls on April 23, the day after Earth Day (April 22). This day should be utilized every year to preserve the biodiversity of Kerala.